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(R)
ACS108-5Sx
ASDTM AC LINE SWITCH
AC Switch Family
MAIN APPLICATIONS AC Line switch for appliance control systems Drive of low power high inductive or resistive loads like: - solenoid, relay, valve, dispenser - micro-motor - door lock - low power lamp bulb - pump - fan
n n
OUT G COM
FEATURES
n
n
n
n
n
n
VDRM / VRRM = 500V Avalanche controlled device IT(RMS) = 0.8 A Gate triggering current : IGT < 10 mA Switch integrated driver Drive reference COM connected to the SOT223 tab
TO92 ACS108-5SA
COM OUT COM
BENEFITS
n
G
n
n
n
n
n
Needs no more external protection snubber & varistor. Enables the equipment to meet IEC1000-4-5 standard. Allows straightforward connection of several SOT223 devices on the same cooling pad. Reduces the switch component count by up to 80%. Interfaces directly with the microcontroller. Eliminates any stressing gate kick back on the microcontroller.
SOT223 ACS108-5SN
FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM
OUT
DESCRIPTION The ACS108 belongs to the AC line switches built around the ASDTM concept. This high performance full planar technology device is able to control an 0.8 A load. The ACSTM switch embeds a high voltage clamping structure to absorb the inductive turn-off energy and a gate level shifter driver to separate the digital controller from the main switch. It is triggered with a negative gate current flowing out of the gate pin. Note: For further technical information, please refer to the Application note AN1172.
November 1999 - Ed: 3B
ACS108
S
ON
D
COM
G
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ACS108-5Sx
ABSOLUTE RATINGS (limiting values)
Symbol VDRM VRRM IT(RMS) Parameter Repetitive peak off-state voltage RMS on-state current full cycle sine wave 50 to 60 Hz TO92 TO92 SOT223 ITSM dI/dt VPP Tstg Tj Tl Non repetitive surge peak on-state current Tj initial = 25C, full cycle sine wave Critical rate of rise of on-state current IG = 20mA with tr = 100ns Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage Storage temperature range Operating junction temperature range Maximum lead temperature for soldering during 10s Tj = 25 C Tlead = 60 C Tamb = 60 C Tamb = 55 C F =50 Hz F =60 Hz Repetitive F =120 Hz note 1 Value 500 0.8 0.3 0.8 7.3 8 20 2 - 40 to + 150 0 to + 110 260 Unit V A A A A A A/s kV C C C
note 1 : according to test described by IEC 1000-4-5 standard & Figure 3.
SWITCH GATE CHARACTERISTICS (maximum values)
Symbol PG (AV) IGM V GM Peak gate current (tp = 20s) Peak positive gate voltage (respect to the pin COM) Parameter Average gate power dissipation Value 0.1 1 5 Unit W A V
THERMAL RESISTANCES
Symbol Rth (j-a) Rth (j-l) Rth (j-t) Junction to ambient Junction to lead for full AC line cycle conduction Junction to tab for full AC line cycle conduction Parameter TO92 SOT223 (*) TO92 SOT223 Value 150 60 60 25 Unit C/W C/W C/W C/W
(*) : with 5cm2 copper (e=35m) surface under tab
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS For either positive or negative polarity of pin OUT voltage respect to pin COM voltage
Symbol IGT VGT VGD IH IL VOUT=12V Test Conditions (DC) RL=140 Tj=25C Tj=25C Tj=110C Tj=25C MAX MAX MIN TYP MAX IG= 20mA Tj=25C TYP MAX VTM IDRM IRRM dV/dt (dI/dt)c VCL 2/7 IOUT = 1.1A VOUT = VDRM VOUT = VRRM VOUT=400V gate open (dVOUT/dt)c=10V/s ICL = 1mA tp=1ms tp=380s Tj=25C Tj=25C Tj=110C Tj=110C Tj=110C Tj=25C MAX MAX MAX MIN MIN TYP Values 10 1 0.2 25 60 30 65 1.3 2 50 500 0.1 600 Unit mA V V mA mA mA mA V A A V/s A/ms V
VOUT=12V (DC) RL=140 VOUT=VDRM RL=3.3k IOUT= 100mA gate open
ACS108-5Sx
AC LINE SWITCH BASIC APPLICATION The ACS108 device is well adapted to washing machine, dishwasher, tumble drier, refrigerator, water heater and cookware. It has been designed especially to switch ON and OFF low power loads such as solenoid, valve, relay, micro-motor, fan, pump, door lock and low wattage lamp bulb. Pin COM: Common drive reference to connect to the power line neutral Pin G: Switch Gate input to connect to the digital controller Pin OUT: Switch Output to connect to the Load The ACSTM switch is triggered with a negative gate current flowing out of the gate pin G. It can be driven directly by the digital controller through a resistor as shown on the typical application diagram. Note that no protection device (zener or capacitor) should be added between gates and common terminals. The SOT223 version allows several ACS108 devices to be connected on the same cooling PCB pad which is the COM pin : this cooling pad can be then reduced, and the printed circuit layout is simplified. In appliances systems, the ACS108 switch intends to drive low power load in full cycle ON / OFF mode. When the gate signal is removed, the load is switched off after a delay time that is equal to one half line cycle or one full line cycle depending on the load drive strategy. The turn off commutation characteristics of these loads can be classified in 3 groups as shown in table 1. Thanks to its thermal and turn off commutation performances, the ACS108 switch is able to drive with no additional turn off snubber, a resistive or inductive load up to 0.2 A (when this load has to switch off within one half AC line cycle), an inductive load up to 0.6 A or a resistive load up to 0.8 A (when this load has to switch off within one full AC line cycle). Table 1: Load grouping versus their turn off commutation requirement (230V AC applications).
IRMS LOAD (A) Door Lock Lamp Relay Valve Dispenser Micro-motor Pump Fan < 0.3 < 0.8 < 0.1 1 1 > 0.7 POWER FACTOR (A/ms) 0.15 0.4 < 0.05 (V/s) 0.15 0.15 <5 (dI/dt)c (dV/dt)c TURN-FF DELAY (ms) <10 < 20 < 10
< 0.2 < 0.6
> 0.2 > 0.2
< 0.1 < 0.3
< 10 < 10
< 10 < 20
TYPICAL APPLICATION DIAGRAM
L
LOAD
AC MAINS
N
L R
OUT
S
ON
ACS108
D
COM
G
ST 72 MCU
- Vcc
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ACS108-5Sx
INDUCTIVE SWITCH-OFF OPERATION At the end of the last conduction half-cycle, the load current reaches the holding current level IH, and the ACSTM switch turns off. Because of the inductance L of the load, the current flows through the avalanche diode D and decreases linearly to zero. During this time, the voltage across the switch is limited to the clamping voltage VCL. The energy stored in the inductance of the load depends on the holding current IH and the inductance (up to 10 H); it can reach about 20 mJ and is dissipated in the clamping section that is especially designed for that purpose. Fig 1: Turn-off operation of the ACS108 switch with an electro valve: waveform of the gate current IG, pin OUT current IOUT & voltage VOUT.
IOUT (10 mA/div)
Fig 2: ACS108 switch static characteristic.
IOUT
VCL = 650V
IH
IH VOUT VCL
VOUT (200V/div)
Time
(400s/div)
AC LINE TRANSIENT VOLTAGE RUGGEDNESS The ACS108 switch is able to sustain safely the AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low energy spikes or by breaking over under high energy shocks, even with high turn-on current rises. The test circuit of the figure 4 is representative of the final ACSTM application and is also used to stress the ACSTM switch according to the IEC1000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks to the load, the ACSTM switch sustains the voltage spikes up to 2 kV above the peak line voltage. It will break over safely even on resistive load where the turn on current rise is high as shown on figure 4. Such non repetitive test can be done 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity. Fig 3: Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads according to IEC 1000-4-5 standard. R = 150, L = 5H, VPP = 2kV. Fig 4: Current and voltage of the ACSTM during IEC 1000-4-5 standard test with a 220 - 10H load & VPP = 2kV.
Vout (200 V/div)
R
L
Iout (2 A/div)
OUT
AC LINE & SURGEVOLT AGE GENERA TOR
S
ACSxx
ON
VAC + VPP
D
dI/dt = 100 A/s
COM
G
RG= 220
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ACS108-5Sx
Fig 5: Relative variation of gate trigger current versus junction temperature
2.00 1.75 1.50 1.25 1.00 0.75 0.50 0.25 0.00 0 25 50 Tj(C) 75 100 125 IGT[Tj]/IGT[Tj=25C]
Fig 6: Relative variation of holding & latching currents versus junction temperature
IH[Tj]/IH[Tj=25C] & IL[Tj]/IL[Tj=25C] 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 0 25 50 Tj(C) 75 100 125
Fig 7: On state characteristics @Tj max VTO = 0.90 V & RT = 0.3 (maximum values) Pon = V TO . 2. 2 . I T ( RMS ) + R T x I T ( RMS ) 2
IOUT (A)
5 2 1 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.07 0.05 0.5
Fig 8: Maximum RMS switch current versus ambient temperature on inductive load (PF>0.1) and a low repetitive rate (F < 1 Hz) (*): with 5cm2 copper (e=35m) surface under tab
IT(RMS) (A) 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2
VTM (V)
TO92 SOT223 (*)
Tamb (C) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
0
0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2
Fig 9-1: Relative variation of the junction to ambient thermal impedance versus conducting pulse duration for the SOT223 Standard foot print with 35m copper layout thickness.
Zth(j-a)/Rth(j-a)
1.00
Fig 9-2: Relative variation of the junction to ambient thermal impedance versus conducting pulse duration for the TO92.
Zth(j-a)/Rth(j-a)
1.00
0.10
0.10
tp (s)
0.01 1E-3 1E-2 1E-1 1E+0 1E+1 1E+2 5E+2
tp (s)
0.01 1E-3 1E-2 1E-1 1E+0 1E+1 1E+2 5E+2
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ACS108-5Sx
Fig. 10: SOT223 thermal resistance junction to ambient versus copper surface under tab (Epoxy printed circuit board FR4, copper thickness: 35m)
Rth(j-a) (C/W) 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
S(Cu) (cm )
0 1 2 3 4 5
2
ORDERING INFORMATION
ACSTM
1
08
-
5
S
A
AC Switch
Number of Switch ITRMS 08 = 0.8A
VDRM 5 = 500V Gate Sensitivity S = 10mA
A = TO92 N = SOT223
PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA SOT223
DIMENSIONS
A A1 B V c
REF. A A1
Millimeters Min. Typ. 0.02 0.60 2.90 0.24 6.30 0.70 3.00 0.26 6.50 2.3 4.6 3.30 6.70 3.50 7.00 3.70 7.30 0.130 0.264 0.80 3.10 0.32 6.70 0.024 0.114 0.009 0.248 Max. 1.80 Min.
Inches Typ. 0.001 0.027 0.118 0.010 0.256 0.090 0.181 0.138 0.276 0.146 0.287 0.031 0.122 0.013 0.264 Max. 0.071
e1 D B1
B B1 c D e
HE
e1 E H
e
V
10 max
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ACS108-5Sx
PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA SOT223
PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA TO92 Plastic
DIMENSIONS REF.
A a B C
Millimeters Min. Typ. 1.35 4.70 2.54 4.40 12.70 3.70 0.45 0.173 0.500 Max. Min.
Inches Typ. 0.053 0.185 0.100 Max.
A B C D E
F
D
E
F a
0.146 0.017
Ordering type ACS108-5SA ACS108-5SN
Marking ACS08/5S ACS/085S
Package TO92 SOT223
Weight 0.2g 0.123g
Base qty 2500 1000
Delivery mode Bulk Tape & reel
TM: ASD and ACS are trademarks of STMicroelectronics .
Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics (c) 1999 STMicroelectronics - Printed in Italy - All rights reserved. STMicroelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES Australia - Brazil - China - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Italy - Japan - Malaysia Malta - Morocco - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - U.S.A. http://www.st.com
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